Manish Shukla
The Start of Photography

.The Niépce Heliograph was made in 1827, during this period of fervent experimentation. It is the earliest photograph produced with the aid of the camera obscura known to survive today.
A camera obscura is a darkened room with a small hole or lens at one side through which an image is projected onto a wall or table opposite the hole. Camera obscura can also refer to analogous constructions such as a box or tent in which an exterior image is projected inside

To make a at home setup you can do as with the following materials and a youtube tutorial:
A box that can be closed (either with a lid or with tape)
A sheet of white paper
Scissors
A pen or pencil
Some dark-coloured, heavy-duty tape such as duct tape, electrical tape, or hockey tape